mercedes removes the engine from the mclaren before it leaves the track
honda can't spy on the engine all that much
mclaren sure will hand them over data though...
The thing McLaren fans can be hopeful about is that Honda has had a whole year to spy around and come up with the best engine maybe for 2015, while others, if I understood correctly and this sucks for Ferrari, have their power unit development frozen....
what's to stop an F1 team from designing a similarly spec'd LMP1 engine?
Physics.
Not nearly completely frozen:The thing McLaren fans can be hopeful about is that Honda has had a whole year to spy around and come up with the best engine maybe for 2015, while others, if I understood correctly and this sucks for Ferrari, have their power unit development frozen....
The FIA?s plan for freezing development of the engines calls for 8% of power unit components by weight to be frozen in development by 2015. That will rise to 23% in 2016, 35% in 2018 and 95% the year after that.
Physics? You're really not up to speed on the current state of affairs at Ferrari and the LMP1 class... Luca has discussed how Ferrari will be looking over the rules and specifications for LMP1, many speculate the reason for this stems from the fact that the current F1 engine spec is nearly ideal for LMP1 application.
I'll give you a moment to justify you're smart-ass remark.
In what situation would it be a good idea to put a 1.6L turbo V8 with an operable rev range of 6,000 - 16,000 RPM and a max torque of less than 300 ft-lbs in an LMP1 car? Not to mention a 400km lifespan. They'd need to replace it 13 times during the 24H.
You could possibly convert the engine to an LMP1 spec, but it'd need to be stroked to about twice the capacity and would need a completely new head, new intake/exhaust system to reduce the operable rev range to 2,000 - 9,000 or so where it belongs (in order to get to the 600+ ft-lbs that it'd need to match the Audis), a different turbo system (to encourage lifespan, 3.5 bar would need to drop to 2-2.5 bar with a completely different efficiency map), also likely scrapping the ERS/turbo-exhaust-regen system (because it's designed with 16,000 RPM in mind) or at least heavily redeveloping it... any thing that has been said about interchangeability is just some press terms for the layman to keep that opportunity open. Whatever the F1 engine budget for these turbo powerplants was, redesigning it to work with LMP1 would probably cost at least half as much again, even considering they'd already be started with an engine design that functions.
So, yes. Physics.
-LMP1 spec calls for a max displacement of 2.0L if using a turbocharger.
FYI, that rule is gone, engine capacity and configuration for LMP1 cars is free starting from this year. They do have fuel flow restrictors though, but they have two or three sensors for redundancy, and if all of them fail, the fuel flow sensor module can be changed in about 15 seconds.