The answer to the smog problems is extremely simply.
Move the cars out of the city.
Most of the air pollution problem doesn't come from inner city centres, nor from private traffic.
Plus, you'll get nice city centres, but you won't delete cars from our lives, to go everywhere else, including, in most of the cases, to and from work, or to and from places which can't be reached adequately with public trasnportation. You can't take away cars from there, and those are the cars which account for most of the car-produced air pollution by number.
They are doing that in Oslo, they are progressively making it harder and within a couple of years, the inner ring of the city will be free of cars.
Is the inner ring of Oslo the central 1km radius area between the central station and the royal castle? If it is, the norwegian plan is similar to that of most other european cities, including mine (here the final target is 2km in radius). It has been for at least 3 decades. Besides the problem of realizing such an achievement, that will leave any other part of the city mostly unchanged.
Even though I am a petrolhead, I welcome this with open arms.
If done in the right way (e.g. without making life miserable for everyone), me too. I find Stockholm did manage to do something like what you proposed (but I was just a tourist, and Gamla Stan is 500m in radius).
The public transportation solution is very good in Oslo, it's very cheap to use (one card, monthly fee of about 80 USD gives access to all public transportation (including bus, train, metro, tram, boats)).
You live in a very out-of-the-ordinary world, I think. A very wealthy and well organized nation. But beware, your welfare is funded partly with oil revenues.
It's so much nicer to go to the town center now without all the cars buzzing around, and it will be even better when the inner ring ban is in place.
Yes.
About the current VW cheat; I don't really care, but I hope it leads to the downfall of all diesel engines in private cars.
Why? If you tackle particulate and NOx pollution, a diesel is less polluting than a petrol car. Or a petrol car would be less polluting if you could tackle the CO2 and th carcinogenic leftovers HC produced by it.
You're still burning fossil fuel: the level of pollution depends on your technological ability to intercept and contain the pollutants, not so much on the fuel itself.
Even an EV can pollute more than a diesel car, if its energy is produced in the wrong way.
Technology is technology.